As is well known, the official systematic survey of labour requirements in the Italian market is entrusted to the Excelsior survey, carried out by
Unioncamere in collaboration with the Ministry of Labour and Social Policies. This survey is addressed (solely) to companies and asks them to
indicate the eventual quota of “additional” requirements (i.e. supplementary requirements, in addition to those of previous years) that they would cover through the contribution of non-EU workers. These workers must therefore be brought in specifically from abroad to respond to a “supplementary” demand that the non-EU labour force present in the country is assumed to already be able to satisfy) to respond to a supplementary demand that the existing non-EU labour force in the country is not already able to satisfy